Californian company Prellis Biologics has developed technology to print the rapid creation of capillaries which form the inside of organs, bringing us another step closer to 3D-printed organs. As well as that, the company also announced in May 2020 that it was researching the bioprinting of lymph nodes in a bid to produce COVID-19 antibodies.

In 2019, research scientist Melanie Matheu, who co-founded Prellis Biologics Inc in 2016, said that she believed it will take the organisation $15 million (£11.5m) and two-and-a-half years before it is able to test the 3D-printed organs on animals. In December 2021, it was revealed that Prellis Biologics had closed a $14.5 million (£10.8m) Series B funding round. However, the use of complex 3D-printed organs for transplant is still plagued by problems, including transporting the tissue and getting blood to flow through the synthetic cells.

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